Winston has opened his pretty diary, fidgeting over what he should write on the creamy page. He ruminates over that morning’s two-minute hate session at his job in the Ministry of Truth. Orwell will sketch for us the other three key figures in the novel. The first one we take up, Emmanuel Goldstein, is more of a specter in the background than an active character, but in Big Brother’s paradise, he is Satan, the clever serpent in the weeds:
As usual, the face of Emmanuel Goldstein, the Enemy of the People, had flashed onto the screen. There were hisses here and there among the audience.... Goldstein was the renegade and backslider who once, long ago (how long ago, nobody quite remembered), had been one of the leading figures of the Party, almost on a level with Big Brother himself, and then had engaged in counterrevolutionary activities, had been condemned to death, and had mysteriously escaped and disappeared. The program of the Two Minutes Hate varied from day to day, but there was none in which Goldstein was not the principal figure. He was the primal traitor, the earliest defiler of the Party’s purity.
…
It was a lean Jewish face, with a great fuzzy aureole of white hair and a small goatee beard - a clever face, and yet somehow inherently despicable, with a kind of senile silliness in the long thin nose near the end of which a pair of spectacles was perched. It resembled the face of a sheep, and the voice, too, had a sheeplike quality.
Reading this Jewish reference today, my own political correctness alarm went off. I seem to come across such anti-Semitism too often in higher literature. I only recently finished the big biography of Dostoevsky, and it was not too many months ago when we were taking a deeper look at Thomas Mann. However, it did not take me a whole minute before I was able to appreciate that Orwell was probably just letting more of that World War Two experience seep into his novel, the way Hitler and the Nazis scapegoated the Jews for their dark purposes, and one should remember that in this story, down is often up and up is often down.
I wonder if Orwell also had Trotsky in mind for his Goldstein. For all that we will see of Goldstein, he may have suffered Trotsky’s gruesome fate. If so, Big Brother was obviously not content to let him rest in peace.